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035 a| (Sirsi) o1257305190;

035 a| (OCoLC)1257305190;

049 a| EREE;

090 a| SB952.P88;

100 1 a| Vang, Adam,e| author.?| UNAUTHORIZED;

245 10 a| Evaluation of surface versus total permethrin content in permethrin-treated clothing :b| considerations for mosquito repellency /c| by Adam Vang.;

264 1 a| [Greenville, N.C.] :b| [East Carolina University],c| 2021.;

300 a| 1 online resource (55 pages) :b| illustrations;

336 a| textb| txt2| rdacontent;

337 a| computerb| c2| rdamedia;

338 a| online resourceb| cr2| rdacarrier;

347 a| text file;

347 b| PDF;

347 c| 598.5 KB;

538 a| System requirements: Adobe Reader.;

538 a| Mode of access: World Wide Web.;

502 b| M.S.E.H.c| East Carolina Universityd| 2021;

500 a| Presented to the faculty of the Department of Health Education and Promotion.;

500 a| Advisor: Stephanie Richards;

500 a| Title from PDF t.p. (viewed January 13, 2022).;

520 3 a| Permethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide that has been used to treat military uniforms to protect personnel from pests such as mosquitoes, ticks, and lice. Permethrin-treated clothing (PTC) can also be used by the public and outdoor workers such as foresters. Pests contacting the surface of PTC may be repelled or killed, depending on exposure dose and duration of exposure. Hence, it is important to assess surface permethrin concentration of clothing for repellency and/or control. Fabric swatches prepared using two commercially available permethrin treatments (Insect Shield® and Sawyer Repellant) and one laboratory permethrin-treated fabric (4 g/L) were tested to respectively compare surface and total permethrin content using a Martindale Abrasion and Pilling Tester and an Agilent Technologies 6850 Gas Chromatograph. Findings indicate that surface permethrin content (after 1000 rubs) for Insect Shield® and Sawyer, and 4g/L permethrin groups was significantly lower than total permethrin content (P=0.011, P[less-than] 0.001, and P=0.001, respectively). The relationship between surface permethrin content (SPC) and total permethrin content (TPC) varies widely between the different treatment methods evaluated here and practical implications for this are discussed. Mosquito repellency tests indicate that Insect Shield®, Sawyer, and laboratory-treated (4g/L) permethrin fabrics showed a higher repellency rate than control (untreated) fabrics (P-values: P=0.001, P[less-than]0.0001, P[less-than]0.0001, respectively). Assessing the SPC can be correlated with the amount of permethrin that comes into contact with human skin when wearing PTC. Exposure to high concentrations of permethrin may cause rashes and increase the absorption of the pesticide into the body.;

504 a| Includes bibliographical references.;

650 0 a| Pyrethroids.=| ^A999872;

650 0 a| Insect baits and repellents.=| ^A177004;

650 0 a| Mosquitoesx| Control.=| ^A103528;

653 a| Permethrin;

655 7 a| Academic theses.2| fast0| (OCoLC)fst01726453;

655 7 a| Academic theses.2| lcgft;

700 1 a| Richards, Stephanie L.,e| degree supervisor.?| UNAUTHORIZED;

710 2 a| East Carolina University.b| Department of Health Education and Promotion.?| UNAUTHORIZED;

856 40 u| http://hdl.handle.net/10342/9130z| Access via ScholarShip;

949 o| wjh;

994 a| C0b| ERE;

596 a| 1 4;

998 a| 5636976;

999 a| CLICK ON WEB ADDRESSw| ASISc| 1i| 5636976-1001l| JNETm| JOYNERr| Ys| Yt| JNE3ETDu| 6/22/2021x| ETDz| JERESOURCE;

999 a| CLICK ON WEB ADDRESSw| ASISc| 1i| 5636976-2001l| HSLELECm| HSLr| Ys| Yt| HEETDu| 6/22/2021x| ETDz| HERESOURCE;

Evaluation of surface versus total permethrin content in permethrin-treated clothing : considerations for mosquito repellency / by Adam Vang.

Author/creator	Vang, Adam author.
Other author	Richards, Stephanie L., degree supervisor.
Other author	East Carolina University. Department of Health Education and Promotion.
Format	Theses and dissertations
Publication	[Greenville, N.C.] : [East Carolina University], 2021.
Description	1 online resource (55 pages) : illustrations
Supplemental Content	Access via ScholarShip
Subjects	Pyrethroids. Insect baits and repellents. Mosquitoes--Control.

Summary	Permethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide that has been used to treat military uniforms to protect personnel from pests such as mosquitoes, ticks, and lice. Permethrin-treated clothing (PTC) can also be used by the public and outdoor workers such as foresters. Pests contacting the surface of PTC may be repelled or killed, depending on exposure dose and duration of exposure. Hence, it is important to assess surface permethrin concentration of clothing for repellency and/or control. Fabric swatches prepared using two commercially available permethrin treatments (Insect Shield® and Sawyer Repellant) and one laboratory permethrin-treated fabric (4 g/L) were tested to respectively compare surface and total permethrin content using a Martindale Abrasion and Pilling Tester and an Agilent Technologies 6850 Gas Chromatograph. Findings indicate that surface permethrin content (after 1000 rubs) for Insect Shield® and Sawyer, and 4g/L permethrin groups was significantly lower than total permethrin content (P=0.011, P[less-than] 0.001, and P=0.001, respectively). The relationship between surface permethrin content (SPC) and total permethrin content (TPC) varies widely between the different treatment methods evaluated here and practical implications for this are discussed. Mosquito repellency tests indicate that Insect Shield®, Sawyer, and laboratory-treated (4g/L) permethrin fabrics showed a higher repellency rate than control (untreated) fabrics (P-values: P=0.001, P[less-than]0.0001, P[less-than]0.0001, respectively). Assessing the SPC can be correlated with the amount of permethrin that comes into contact with human skin when wearing PTC. Exposure to high concentrations of permethrin may cause rashes and increase the absorption of the pesticide into the body.
General note	Presented to the faculty of the Department of Health Education and Promotion.
General note	Advisor: Stephanie Richards
General note	Title from PDF t.p. (viewed January 13, 2022).
Dissertation note	M.S.E.H. East Carolina University 2021
Bibliography note	Includes bibliographical references.
Technical details	System requirements: Adobe Reader.
Technical details	Mode of access: World Wide Web.
Genre/form	Academic theses.
Genre/form	Academic theses.

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Evaluation of surface versus total permethrin content in permethrin-treated clothing : considerations for mosquito repellency / by Adam Vang.

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