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035 a| (Sirsi) o1397376852;

035 a| (OCoLC)1397376852;

049 a| EREE;

090 a| QH588.S83;

100 1 a| Lopez, Christian A.,e| author.?| UNAUTHORIZED;

245 10 a| Mesenchymal stem cells from African Americans display greater glucose oxidation compared to stem cells from Caucasian infants /c| by Christian A. Lopez.;

264 1 a| [Greenville, N.C.] :b| [East Carolina University],c| 2023.;

300 a| 1 online resource (34 pages) :b| illustrations;

336 a| textb| txt2| rdacontent;

337 a| computerb| c2| rdamedia;

338 a| online resourceb| cr2| rdacarrier;

347 a| text fileb| PDFc| 953.3 KB2| rda;

538 a| System requirements: Adobe Reader.;

538 a| Mode of access: World Wide Web.;

502 b| M.S.c| East Carolina Universityd| 2023.;

502 a| Presented to the Faculty of the Department of Kinesiology;

500 a| Advisor: Nick Broskey;

500 a| Title from PDF t.p. (viewed September 30, 2024).;

520 3 a| Background: Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity are more prevalent in African Americans (AA) than Caucasian (C) adults. Associated with this is Metabolic Inflexibility, the inability to switch between substrate usage depending on the physiological demand. Data regarding metabolic differences between racial groups at birth has still not been explored. PURPOSE: The purpose was to discover if there are racial differences in substrate metabolism that is evident at birth utilizing mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) collected from infant umbilical cords. METHODS: 12 mother-child dyads were included in this study; mesenchymal stem cells were collected from the umbilical cords of 6 AA and 6 C infants. Radio-labeled tracers were used to test differences in fatty acid and glucose metabolism in the differentiated and myogenically differentiated states (a model of infant skeletal muscle). RESULTS: The results from our analysis indicate in myogenic MSCs, the glucose oxidation rate was significantly higher in AA compared to C in both basal (p[less-than-or-equal-to]0.05) and insulin-stimulated (p[less-than-or-equal-to]0.05) states. Interestingly, NOGM production and glucose partitioning were similar between groups in both basal (p[greater-than-or-equal-than]0.05) and insulin-stimulated (p[greater-than-or-equal-than]0.05) states. In contrast to the previously described phenotype in adults, similar relative glycogen synthesis rates were observed between groups (p[greater-than-or-equal-than]0.05). To assess if there is an inherent "metabolic driver" associated with the observed phenotype, we compared the difference between D0 and D21 MSCs. Accordingly, we observed that upon myogenic differentiation, MSCs from AA infants increase glucose oxidation rate significantly more (p[less-than-or-equal-to]0.05) than MSCs from C infants. Further, AA shifts significantly more towards glucose rather than palmitate oxidation upon myogenic differentiation (p[less-than-or-equal-to]0.05) compared to C infants. CONCLUSION: Collectively, these data suggest that there are metabolic differences present at birth between races. Further investigation is needed to address if these differences are influential in the manifestation of metabolic disease disparities observed in adults.;

504 a| Includes bibliographical references.;

650 0 a| Mesenchymal stem cells.=| ^A1042946;

650 0 a| Glycolysis.=| ^A3561;

650 0 a| African Americansx| Health and hygiene.=| ^A1748;

650 0 a| Caucasian racex| Health and hygiene.=| ^A89873;

653 a| Racial Disparities;

700 1 a| Broskey, Nick,e| degree supervisor.?| UNAUTHORIZED;

710 2 a| East Carolina University.b| Department of Kinesiology.?| UNAUTHORIZED;

856 40 z| Access via ScholarShipu| http://hdl.handle.net/10342/13122;

949 o| wjh;

994 a| C0b| ERE;

596 a| 1 4;

998 a| 6234505;

999 a| CLICK ON WEB ADDRESSw| ASISc| 1i| 6234505-1001l| JNETm| JOYNERr| Ys| Yt| JNE3ETDu| 9/15/2023x| ETDz| JERESOURCE;

999 a| CLICK ON WEB ADDRESSw| ASISc| 1i| 6234505-2001l| HSLELECm| HSLr| Ys| Yt| HEETDu| 9/15/2023x| ETDz| HERESOURCE;

Mesenchymal stem cells from African Americans display greater glucose oxidation compared to stem cells from Caucasian infants / by Christian A. Lopez.

Author/creator	Lopez, Christian A. author.
Other author	Broskey, Nick, degree supervisor.
Other author	East Carolina University. Department of Kinesiology.
Format	Theses and dissertations
Publication	[Greenville, N.C.] : [East Carolina University], 2023.
Description	1 online resource (34 pages) : illustrations
Supplemental Content	Access via ScholarShip
Subjects	Mesenchymal stem cells. Glycolysis. African Americans--Health and hygiene. Caucasian race--Health and hygiene.

Summary	Background: Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity are more prevalent in African Americans (AA) than Caucasian (C) adults. Associated with this is Metabolic Inflexibility, the inability to switch between substrate usage depending on the physiological demand. Data regarding metabolic differences between racial groups at birth has still not been explored. PURPOSE: The purpose was to discover if there are racial differences in substrate metabolism that is evident at birth utilizing mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) collected from infant umbilical cords. METHODS: 12 mother-child dyads were included in this study; mesenchymal stem cells were collected from the umbilical cords of 6 AA and 6 C infants. Radio-labeled tracers were used to test differences in fatty acid and glucose metabolism in the differentiated and myogenically differentiated states (a model of infant skeletal muscle). RESULTS: The results from our analysis indicate in myogenic MSCs, the glucose oxidation rate was significantly higher in AA compared to C in both basal (p[less-than-or-equal-to]0.05) and insulin-stimulated (p[less-than-or-equal-to]0.05) states. Interestingly, NOGM production and glucose partitioning were similar between groups in both basal (p[greater-than-or-equal-than]0.05) and insulin-stimulated (p[greater-than-or-equal-than]0.05) states. In contrast to the previously described phenotype in adults, similar relative glycogen synthesis rates were observed between groups (p[greater-than-or-equal-than]0.05). To assess if there is an inherent "metabolic driver" associated with the observed phenotype, we compared the difference between D0 and D21 MSCs. Accordingly, we observed that upon myogenic differentiation, MSCs from AA infants increase glucose oxidation rate significantly more (p[less-than-or-equal-to]0.05) than MSCs from C infants. Further, AA shifts significantly more towards glucose rather than palmitate oxidation upon myogenic differentiation (p[less-than-or-equal-to]0.05) compared to C infants. CONCLUSION: Collectively, these data suggest that there are metabolic differences present at birth between races. Further investigation is needed to address if these differences are influential in the manifestation of metabolic disease disparities observed in adults.
General note	Advisor: Nick Broskey
General note	Title from PDF t.p. (viewed September 30, 2024).
Dissertation note	M.S. East Carolina University 2023.
Dissertation note	Presented to the Faculty of the Department of Kinesiology
Bibliography note	Includes bibliographical references.
Technical details	System requirements: Adobe Reader.
Technical details	Mode of access: World Wide Web.

Mesenchymal stem cells from African Americans display greater glucose oxidation compared to stem cells from Caucasian infants / by Christian A. Lopez.

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