| Contents |
Introduction: "Nigger talk" -- Part I: Escaping bondage. "Brethren, arise, arise!" : Troy, New York, 1843 -- Nothing was promised, paths were constructed, everything was contested : Boston & Kansas, 1855 -- The deal of a lifetime : Haiti, 1863 -- "Take care of yourselves" : The former Confederacy, 1876 -- Part II: Surviving the wilderness. "Ku Klux or Kansas?" : St. Louis, Missouri, 1879 -- "Where is Nicodemus?" : Kansas, 1877 -- The arrival of McCabe and Hall : Nicodemus, Kansas, 1878 -- Not homeowners or humans- only refugees : Topeka, Kansas, 1879-1881 -- In search of a quotidian life of consequence : Nicodemus, Kansas, 1881 -- Exodus on trial : Washington, D.C., 1880 -- Representation matters? : Topeka, Kansas, 1880-1881 -- 1882: the year of "his black politics" : Parsons, Kansas, 1882 -- "His black politics" in exile : Topeka, Kansas, 1887 -- Part III: Taking the (un)promised land. "No man's land" : The Kansas border, 1889 -- Moses in Pharaoh's court : Washington, D.C., 1889 -- Come to Oklahoma! : Guthrie, Oklahoma, 1890 -- The land run : Unclaimed Oklahoma Territory, 1891 -- "Too much political ambition" : Logan County, Oklahoma, 1892 -- Things fall apart : Guthrie, Oklahoma, 1907 -- Is Oklahoma even worth it? : Guthrie, 1907 & Oklahoma City, 1910 -- Last-ditch efforts require turning over unturned stones : Washington, D.C., 1913-1914 -- Scattered and peeled : Chicago, 1920 & Topeka, 2000 -- Coda. |
| Abstract |
In this paradigm-shattering work of American history, Caleb Gayle recounts the extraordinary tale of Edward McCabe, a Black man who championed the audacious idea to create a state within the Union governed by and for Black people -- and the racism, politics, and greed that thwarted him. As the sweeping changes and brief glimpses of hope brought by the Civil War and Reconstruction began to wither, anger at the opportunities available to newly freed Black people were on the rise. As a result, both Blacks and whites searched for new places to settle. That was when Edward McCabe, a Black businessman and a rising political star in the American West, set in motion his plans to found a state within the Union for Black people to live in and govern. His chosen site: Oklahoma, a place that the U.S. government had deeded to Indigenous people in the 1830s when it forced thousands of them to leave their homes under Indian Removal, which became known as the Trail of Tears. McCabe lobbied politicians in Washington, D.C., Kansas, and elsewhere as he exhorted Black people to move to Oklahoma to achieve their dreams of self-determination and land ownership. His rising profile as a leader and spokesman for Black people as well as his willingness to confront white politicians led him to become known as Black Moses. And like his biblical counterpart, McCabe nearly made it to the promised land but was ultimately foiled by politics, business interests, and the growing ambitions of white settlers who also wanted the land. In Black Moses, Gayle brings to vivid life the world of Edward McCabe: the Black people who believed in his dream of a Black state, the white politicians who didn't, and the larger challenges of confronting the racism and exclusion that bedeviled Black people's attempts to carve a place in America for themselves. Gayle draws from extraordinary research and reporting to reveal an America that almost was. |
